High-intensity interval training (HIIT) is simply alternating between higher intensity bursts of exercise with time to rest in between, with the bursts generally being less than two minutes. Steady state training involves exercising more consistently, for a longer period of time.
Recently, there has been a focus on the benefits of HIIT; the shorter bursts mean an exerciser can work harder as they don’t need to sustain the effort for as long. HIIT sessions also tend to be shorter overall so are helpful for the time poor. Research has backed up this popularity, with benefits of this style of training showing some great health and fitness results.
You may be forgiven for thinking that as HIIT has shown such effectiveness, that steady state training is not ideal for getting results. When it comes to exercise, it turns out that not only is steady state training just as effective for a big range of health improvements, it is also better, and safer than higher intensity options for a range of exercisers – and not just for those who are older or less active. The key is that just because high intensity has benefits, it doesn’t mean lower intensity workouts have fewer benefits.
The case for HIIT
The high intensity by nature means HIIT workouts can be shorter, making it perfect for the time poor. The short bursts of work mean that an exerciser can work at a higher rate, as they do not have to maintain the effort.
The case for steady state
For heart strengthening, and feel good enhancing benefits, low-intensity steady state workouts are just as effective as HIIT. It’s also less intimidating for those who are intimidated by harder exercise.
The case for both?
So, which is best? The answer is either; depending on your circumstances, current condition, and preferences.
For those who like to go hard, and get their workout done quickly, then high intensity is the way to go. But for those who like to enjoy the ‘scenery’, then steady state may be a better option.
Beware though; the benefits of exercise require progressive overload, so doing the same steady state workout will improve your fitness initially, but after a period of time the body adapts, so a session will need to be longer, or harder, to get more improvements.
For the average exerciser, variety is the spice of life, and most people will end up engaging in both HIIT and steady state training.
