Older adults at risk of dementia improved their memory, thinking skills, and overall cognitive performance by up to 55% after taking part in two lifestyle programs in an Alzheimer’s Association-funded study.
The strongest benefits were seen among participants who received more structured guidance, including regular coaching and support.
The findings were presented at the Alzheimer’s Association International Conference (AAIC) 2026 in London. They build on an earlier study showing that programs combining physical activity, healthy eating, cognitive training and social engagement can be adapted for different cultures, health systems and communities.
Researchers believe programs that address several risk factors at once may offer greater benefits because Alzheimer’s disease and other dementias are affected by multiple aspects of health and lifestyle. With dementia becoming more common around the world, the results point to the potential value of practical, affordable, and adaptable lifestyle programs for reducing risk.
“A key message from this study is that structure and social support matter,” said Heather M. Snyder, Ph.D., Alzheimer’s Association senior vice president of medical and scientific relations.
Who is at risk of dementia?
Ageing is the single biggest risk factor for dementia, with the risk doubling roughly every five or six years after the age of 65. Modifiable risk factors include:
Cardiovascular and health conditions: High blood pressure, type 2 diabetes, high cholesterol and obesity.
Lifestyle Factors: Physical inactivity, smoking, excessive alcohol consumption, and an unhealthy diet.
Social and Mental Factors: Social isolation, feeling lonely, depression, and lower levels of education or cognitive engagement in early life.
Sensory and Physical Harm: Untreated hearing loss, untreated vision loss, and traumatic brain injury (including repeated head impacts).
Environmental Risks: Exposure to high levels of air pollution.
What can you do to reduce your risk?
- Protect your senses: Treat failing eyesight or cataracts promptly. Protect your ears from loud noises and use hearing aids if you experience hearing decline. Managing hearing loss reduces cognitive strain and keeps you socially connected.
- Manage cardiovascular health including cholesterol, blood sugar and blood pressure.
- Aim to move for a least 30 minutes a day.
- Eat wholegrains, green leafy vegetables, fruit, fish, legumes and healthy fats like olive oi.
- Prioritise good quality sleep.
- Quit smoking and limit alcohol.
- Stay mentally and socially engaged.
- Seek help for mental health conditions.
- Prevent head injuries by wearing helmets.
- Reduce exposure to air pollution.
